1. Pre-operation Path Survey and Planning (Static Stage)
Full Site Inspection
Responsible Person: Forklift Operator
Operation Steps:
- Before operation, drive the unloaded forklift to circumnavigate the working area, and mark all ground defects, including potholes (those with a depth > 5cm shall be highlighted), protrusions (with a height > 3cm), misaligned concrete joints, damaged cracks, etc.
- Evaluate the scope of defective areas and classify them into "Slow-Pass Zones" and "No-Entry Zones": Deep pits with a diameter > 1m and protrusions with a height > 5cm shall be directly designated as no-entry zones, with warning signs installed.
Standard: A ground defect distribution map shall be formulated, clarifying the optimal path, alternative paths and boundaries of no-entry zones, which shall be included in the pre-shift meeting briefing content.
Path Priority Ranking
| Path Type | Applicable Conditions | Travel Requirements |
Hardened and Flat Main Channel | No obvious defects, load-bearing capacity up to standard | Priority selection; travel at normal low speed (≤3km/h) |
Auxiliary Channel with Minor Defects | A small number of misaligned joints, shallow pits (depth < 5cm) | Secondary selection; reduce speed to ≤2km/h and steer at small angles |
| Temporary Evasion Path | Both main and auxiliary channels have defects | Only for emergency use; sundries in the path shall be cleared in advance |
2. Dynamic Path Selection and Adjustment During Operation (Dynamic Stage)
Real-time Obstacle Avoidance Operation Specifications
If unmarked potholes/protrusions are detected during travel, reduce speed to below 1km/h immediately and judge whether detour is feasible:
- If detour is possible, prioritize taking the detour route.
- If detour is not feasible, passage is only allowed if the following conditions are met:
- The slope of the defect edge is < 15°, with no sharp protrusions (to prevent tire or fork scratching).
- The lifting height of goods is ≤10cm, and the goods have been secured without loosening.
- It is strictly prohibited to drive on defects with only one side of the wheels. Ensure that both sides of the wheels slowly pass the defect edge simultaneously to avoid vehicle tilting.
Path Requirements for Long/Unbalanced Loads
When transporting long goods (length > twice the forklift wheelbase) or unbalanced loads:
- The path width shall be ≥ the width of goods + 0.5m to prevent the goods from scraping surrounding equipment and causing shaking.
- It is forbidden to ｓｅｌｅｃｔ narrow paths with a turning radius < the minimum turning radius of the forklift to prevent center-of-gravity shift caused by sharp turns.
3. Supplementary Principles for Path Selection in Special Scenarios
- Mixed Defect Ground: Prioritize paths with scattered defects that can be passed slowly one by one, and avoid areas with dense defects and continuous bumps.
- Slippery + Uneven Ground: The path shall be far away from oil-contaminated/waterlogged areas. If unavoidable, ｓｅｌｅｃｔ the shortest straight path and pass at a constant speed without steering or stopping.
4. Taboos for Path Selection
- It is forbidden to choose a short but defect-ridden path to save time; stability shall be the top priority.
- It is forbidden to ｓｅｌｅｃｔ paths blindly when visibility is obstructed (e.g., the front view is blocked by goods); reverse travel or special person guidance shall be arranged instead.
- It is forbidden to temporarily adjust the position of goods on paths with uneven ground; the forklift must be parked on a flat area before any adjustment operation.
